Description
Botulinum neurotoxin type A is one of the seven serotypes of Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by various strains of Clostridium botulinum. BoNTs are synthesized as inactive single chain protein precursors and activated by proteolytic cleavage to generate disulfide-linked two-chain proteins. The 50 kDa light chain contains the catalytic domain, whereas the 100 kDa heavy chain contains an internal translocation domain and a receptor binding domain. BoNTs are the most potent protein toxins for humans. As zinc proteases, they cleave SNARE proteins to elicit flaccid paralysis in botulism by blocking acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction. E. coli-expressed recombinant light chains are active proteases. However, they are not toxic because they cannot enter into host cells in the absence of the heavy chains.
Full Name
Botulinum neurotoxin light chain
Source
E. coli
Species
Clostridium botulinum
Accession #
Q45894
Molecule Weight
The recombinant BXT LC consists of amino acids (1-425) and has a predicted molecular mass of 50 kDa.
Purity
> 95 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin
< 1 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Activity
Measured by its ability to cleave the fluorogenic peptide substrate, SNAPtide. The specific activity is >1 pmol/min/µg, as measured under the described conditions.
Storage
-80 °C, avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles
Storage Buffer
PBS
ApoA1 (Apolipoprotein A1) is synthesized in the liver and small intestine, and is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in the plasma. ApoA1 has a unique ability to capture and solubilize free cholesterol, and promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver for excretion. The process, called reverse cholesterol transport, is thought to inhibit atherogenesis.
Human Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a member of the Nerve growth factor family. BDNF is induced by cortical neurons, and is necessary for survival of striatal neurons in the brain. During development, BDNF promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
Biotin-protein ligase (EC 6.3.4.15) activates biotin to form biotinyl 5' adenylate and transfers the biotin to biotin-accepting proteins. It also functions as a biotin operon repressor.
Human Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) catalyzes the condensation of nicotinamide with 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to yield nicotinamide mononucleotide, one step in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
Streptavidin is a non-glycosylated, 52.8 kDa, tetrameric bacterial protein isolated from Streptomyces avidinii with a very high affinity for biotin. Streptavidin-biotin bond is the strongest known non-covalent interaction with Kd ~10-15 M. Because streptavidin lacks any carbohydrate modification and has a near-neutral pI, it has the advantage of much lower nonspecific binding than avidin.
Botulinum neurotoxin type A is one of the seven serotypes of Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced by various strains of Clostridium botulinum.
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